BQS Organic Blind Sample Program
Analytes by Multiple Methods
OXAZEPAM
Open Data Set

 Schedule Code = LC9017 
 Minimum Whisker = 6% 
 First Quartile = 8% 
 Median = 8% 
 Third Quartile = 65% 
 Maximum Whisker = 97% 
 Mean = 33% 
 Standard Deviation = 32% 
 Number of Observations = 15  Schedule Code = LC9017 
 Minimum Whisker = 6% 
 First Quartile = 8% 
 Median = 8% 
 Third Quartile = 65% 
 Maximum Whisker = 97% 
 Mean = 33% 
 Standard Deviation = 32% 
 Number of Observations = 15  Schedule Code = LC9017 
 Minimum Whisker = 6% 
 First Quartile = 8% 
 Median = 8% 
 Third Quartile = 65% 
 Maximum Whisker = 97% 
 Mean = 33% 
 Standard Deviation = 32% 
 Number of Observations = 15  Schedule Code = LC9017 
 Minimum Whisker = 6% 
 First Quartile = 8% 
 Median = 8% 
 Third Quartile = 65% 
 Maximum Whisker = 97% 
 Mean = 33% 
 Standard Deviation = 32% 
 Number of Observations = 15  Schedule Code = LC9017 
 Minimum Whisker = 6% 
 First Quartile = 8% 
 Median = 8% 
 Third Quartile = 65% 
 Maximum Whisker = 97% 
 Mean = 33% 
 Standard Deviation = 32% 
 Number of Observations = 15  Schedule Code = LC9017 
 Minimum Whisker = 6% 
 First Quartile = 8% 
 Median = 8% 
 Third Quartile = 65% 
 Maximum Whisker = 97% 
 Mean = 33% 
 Standard Deviation = 32% 
 Number of Observations = 15  Schedule Code = LC9017 
 Minimum Whisker = 6% 
 First Quartile = 8% 
 Median = 8% 
 Third Quartile = 65% 
 Maximum Whisker = 97% 
 Mean = 33% 
 Standard Deviation = 32% 
 Number of Observations = 15  Schedule Code = LC9017 
 Minimum Whisker = 6% 
 First Quartile = 8% 
 Median = 8% 
 Third Quartile = 65% 
 Maximum Whisker = 97% 
 Mean = 33% 
 Standard Deviation = 32% 
 Number of Observations = 15  Schedule Code = LC9017 
 Minimum Whisker = 6% 
 First Quartile = 8% 
 Median = 8% 
 Third Quartile = 65% 
 Maximum Whisker = 97% 
 Mean = 33% 
 Standard Deviation = 32% 
 Number of Observations = 15  Schedule Code = LC9017 
 Minimum Whisker = 6% 
 First Quartile = 8% 
 Median = 8% 
 Third Quartile = 65% 
 Maximum Whisker = 97% 
 Mean = 33% 
 Standard Deviation = 32% 
 Number of Observations = 15  Schedule Code = 2440 
 Minimum Whisker = 29% 
 First Quartile = 36% 
 Median = 49% 
 Third Quartile = 83% 
 Maximum Whisker = 105% 
 Mean = 60% 
 Standard Deviation = 26% 
 Number of Observations = 38  Schedule Code = 2440 
 Minimum Whisker = 29% 
 First Quartile = 36% 
 Median = 49% 
 Third Quartile = 83% 
 Maximum Whisker = 105% 
 Mean = 60% 
 Standard Deviation = 26% 
 Number of Observations = 38  Schedule Code = 2440 
 Minimum Whisker = 29% 
 First Quartile = 36% 
 Median = 49% 
 Third Quartile = 83% 
 Maximum Whisker = 105% 
 Mean = 60% 
 Standard Deviation = 26% 
 Number of Observations = 38  Schedule Code = 2440 
 Minimum Whisker = 29% 
 First Quartile = 36% 
 Median = 49% 
 Third Quartile = 83% 
 Maximum Whisker = 105% 
 Mean = 60% 
 Standard Deviation = 26% 
 Number of Observations = 38  Schedule Code = 2440 
 Minimum Whisker = 29% 
 First Quartile = 36% 
 Median = 49% 
 Third Quartile = 83% 
 Maximum Whisker = 105% 
 Mean = 60% 
 Standard Deviation = 26% 
 Number of Observations = 38  Schedule Code = 2440 
 Minimum Whisker = 29% 
 First Quartile = 36% 
 Median = 49% 
 Third Quartile = 83% 
 Maximum Whisker = 105% 
 Mean = 60% 
 Standard Deviation = 26% 
 Number of Observations = 38  Schedule Code = 2440 
 Minimum Whisker = 29% 
 First Quartile = 36% 
 Median = 49% 
 Third Quartile = 83% 
 Maximum Whisker = 105% 
 Mean = 60% 
 Standard Deviation = 26% 
 Number of Observations = 38  Schedule Code = 2440 
 Minimum Whisker = 29% 
 First Quartile = 36% 
 Median = 49% 
 Third Quartile = 83% 
 Maximum Whisker = 105% 
 Mean = 60% 
 Standard Deviation = 26% 
 Number of Observations = 38  Schedule Code = 2440 
 Minimum Whisker = 29% 
 First Quartile = 36% 
 Median = 49% 
 Third Quartile = 83% 
 Maximum Whisker = 105% 
 Mean = 60% 
 Standard Deviation = 26% 
 Number of Observations = 38  Schedule Code = 2440 
 Minimum Whisker = 29% 
 First Quartile = 36% 
 Median = 49% 
 Third Quartile = 83% 
 Maximum Whisker = 105% 
 Mean = 60% 
 Standard Deviation = 26% 
 Number of Observations = 38  Y = 1
The SGPlot Procedure

BQS Organic Blind Sample Program
Analytes by Multiple Methods
OXAZEPAM
Open Data Set

 spikemix = ERA 0507-12-06.2: 40 µl 
 Expected Conc. = 565 
 Lab Value = 34.500 
 reportunit = ng/L  spikemix = ERA 0823-11-05.2: 15 µl & Abs 060112: 15 µl 
 Expected Conc. = 211.13 
 Lab Value = 204.000 
 reportunit = ng/L  spikemix = ERA 0823-11-05.1: 15 µl & Abs 060112: 15 µl 
 Expected Conc. = 211.13 
 Lab Value = 138.000 
 reportunit = ng/L  spikemix = ERA 0823-11-05.1: 40 µl & Abs 060112: 40 µl 
 Expected Conc. = 563 
 Lab Value = 43.900 
 reportunit = ng/L  spikemix = ERA 0507-12-06.1: 20 µl & ERA 0507-12-06.2: 20 µl 
 Expected Conc. = 282.5 
 Lab Value = 201.000 
 reportunit = ng/L  spikemix = ERA 0507-12-06.1: 20 µl & ERA 0507-12-06.2: 20 µl 
 Expected Conc. = 282.5 
 Lab Value = 22.400 
 reportunit = ng/L  spikemix = ERA 0507-12-06.1: 15 µl & Abs 060112: 15 µl 
 Expected Conc. = 211.13 
 Lab Value = 141.000 
 reportunit = ng/L  spikemix = Abs 060112: 40 µl 
 Expected Conc. = 563 
 Lab Value = 44.500 
 reportunit = ng/L  spikemix = Abs 071112: 20 µl & ERA 0507-12-06.2: 20 µl 
 Expected Conc. = 282.5 
 Lab Value = 162.000 
 reportunit = ng/L  spikemix = Abs 071112: 20 µl & ERA 0507-12-06.2: 20 µl 
 Expected Conc. = 282.5 
 Lab Value = 22.700 
 reportunit = ng/L  spikemix = Abs 071112: 20 µl & Abs 060112: 20 µl 
 Expected Conc. = 281.5 
 Lab Value = 174.000 
 reportunit = ng/L  spikemix = Abs 060112: 20 µl & ERA 0507-12-06.1: 20 µl 
 Expected Conc. = 281.5 
 Lab Value = 17.800 
 reportunit = ng/L  spikemix = Abs 053112: 40 µl & ERA 0507-12-06.2: 40 µl 
 Expected Conc. = 565 
 Lab Value = 91.100 
 reportunit = ng/L  spikemix = Abs 053112: 20 µl & ERA 0507-12-06.2: 20 µl 
 Expected Conc. = 282.5 
 Lab Value = 23.300 
 reportunit = ng/L  spikemix = Abs 053112: 20 µl & Abs 060112: 20 µl 
 Expected Conc. = 281.5 
 Lab Value = 19.300 
 reportunit = ng/L  spikemix = Spex Organics T1120802015: 20 µl & ERA 0507-12-06.2: 20 µl 
 Expected Conc. = 282.5 
 Lab Value = 227.000 
 reportunit = ng/L  spikemix = ERA 04281604: 40 µl & Abs 061516PHARM: 40 µl 
 Expected Conc. = 352 
 Lab Value = 342.000 
 reportunit = ng/L  spikemix = ERA 04281604: 40 µl & Abs 061516PHARM: 40 µl 
 Expected Conc. = 352 
 Lab Value = 369.000 
 reportunit = ng/L  spikemix = ERA 0406-15-07A: 40 µl & Abs 051315: 40 µl 
 Expected Conc. = 420.46 
 Lab Value = 351.000 
 reportunit = ng/L  spikemix = ERA 0319-14-05: 15 µl & Abs 041614: 15 µl 
 Expected Conc. = 558.74 
 Lab Value = 258.000 
 reportunit = ng/L  spikemix = ERA 0319-14-05: 15 µl & Abs 041614: 15 µl 
 Expected Conc. = 558.74 
 Lab Value = 246.000 
 reportunit = ng/L  spikemix = ERA 0319-14-05: 8 µl & Abs 041614: 8 µl 
 Expected Conc. = 297.99 
 Lab Value = 86.900 
 reportunit = ng/L  spikemix = Crescent EN160610015: 100 µl & ERA 04281604: 100 µl 
 Expected Conc. = 880 
 Lab Value = 806.000 
 reportunit = ng/L  spikemix = Crescent EN160610015: 100 µl & ERA 04281604: 100 µl 
 Expected Conc. = 880 
 Lab Value = 790.000 
 reportunit = ng/L  spikemix = Crescent EN160610015: 80 µl & Abs 061416: 80 µl 
 Expected Conc. = 696.8 
 Lab Value = 231.000 
 reportunit = ng/L  spikemix = Abs 061416: 40 µl & ERA 04281603: 40 µl 
 Expected Conc. = 348.4 
 Lab Value = 116.000 
 reportunit = ng/L  spikemix = Abs 061416: 40 µl & ERA 04281603: 40 µl 
 Expected Conc. = 348.4 
 Lab Value = 119.000 
 reportunit = ng/L  spikemix = Abs 061416: 40 µl & Abs 061516PHARM: 40 µl 
 Expected Conc. = 348.4 
 Lab Value = 104.000 
 reportunit = ng/L  spikemix = Abs 061416: 40 µl & Abs 061516PHARM: 40 µl 
 Expected Conc. = 348.4 
 Lab Value = 107.000 
 reportunit = ng/L  spikemix = Abs 061416: 80 µl & Abs 061516PHARM: 80 µl 
 Expected Conc. = 696.8 
 Lab Value = 296.000 
 reportunit = ng/L  spikemix = Abs 061416: 80 µl & Abs 061516PHARM: 80 µl 
 Expected Conc. = 696.8 
 Lab Value = 356.000 
 reportunit = ng/L  spikemix = Abs 060916PHARM: 40 µl & ERA 04281604: 40 µl 
 Expected Conc. = 352 
 Lab Value = 311.000 
 reportunit = ng/L  spikemix = Abs 060916PHARM: 40 µl & ERA 04281604: 40 µl 
 Expected Conc. = 352 
 Lab Value = 336.000 
 reportunit = ng/L  spikemix = Abs 060916PHARM: 40 µl & Abs 061416: 40 µl 
 Expected Conc. = 348.4 
 Lab Value = 112.000 
 reportunit = ng/L  spikemix = Abs 060916PHARM: 40 µl & Abs 061416: 40 µl 
 Expected Conc. = 348.4 
 Lab Value = 115.000 
 reportunit = ng/L  spikemix = Abs 060916PHARM: 80 µl & Abs 061416: 80 µl 
 Expected Conc. = 696.8 
 Lab Value = 315.000 
 reportunit = ng/L  spikemix = Abs 060916PHARM: 80 µl & Abs 061416: 80 µl 
 Expected Conc. = 696.8 
 Lab Value = 283.000 
 reportunit = ng/L  spikemix = Abs 051315: 80 µl & ERA 0406-15-09: 80 µl 
 Expected Conc. = 840.93 
 Lab Value = 751.000 
 reportunit = ng/L  spikemix = Abs 051315: 20 µl & Abs 052215: 20 µl 
 Expected Conc. = 210.23 
 Lab Value = 82.700 
 reportunit = ng/L  spikemix = Abs 051315: 40 µl & Abs 052215: 40 µl 
 Expected Conc. = 420.46 
 Lab Value = 340.000 
 reportunit = ng/L  spikemix = Abs 051315: 20 µl & Abs 050115: 20 µl 
 Expected Conc. = 210.23 
 Lab Value = 119.000 
 reportunit = ng/L  spikemix = Abs 050115: 40 µl & Abs 051315: 40 µl 
 Expected Conc. = 420.46 
 Lab Value = 390.000 
 reportunit = ng/L  spikemix = Abs 050115: 40 µl & Abs 051315: 40 µl 
 Expected Conc. = 420.46 
 Lab Value = 336.000 
 reportunit = ng/L  spikemix = Abs 050115: 20 µl & Abs 051315: 20 µl 
 Expected Conc. = 210.23 
 Lab Value = 147.000 
 reportunit = ng/L  spikemix = Abs 050115: 40 µl & Abs 051315: 40 µl 
 Expected Conc. = 420.46 
 Lab Value = 433.000 
 reportunit = ng/L  spikemix = Abs 041814: 30 µl & Abs 041614: 30 µl 
 Expected Conc. = 279.37 
 Lab Value = 112.000 
 reportunit = ng/L  spikemix = Abs 041814: 60 µl & Abs 041614: 60 µl 
 Expected Conc. = 558.74 
 Lab Value = 422.000 
 reportunit = ng/L  spikemix = Abs 041614: 8 µl & ERA 0319-14-04: 8 µl 
 Expected Conc. = 297.99 
 Lab Value = 221.000 
 reportunit = ng/L  spikemix = Abs 041614: 8 µl & ERA 0319-14-04: 8 µl 
 Expected Conc. = 297.99 
 Lab Value = 134.000 
 reportunit = ng/L  spikemix = Abs 041614: 15 µl & ERA 0319-14-04: 15 µl 
 Expected Conc. = 558.74 
 Lab Value = 200.000 
 reportunit = ng/L  spikemix = Abs 041614: 30 µl & ERA 0319-14-04: 30 µl 
 Expected Conc. = 279.37 
 Lab Value = 108.000 
 reportunit = ng/L  spikemix = Abs 041614: 60 µl & Abs 041714: 60 µl 
 Expected Conc. = 558.74 
 Lab Value = 312.000 
 reportunit = ng/L  spikemix = Abs 041614: 30 µl & Abs 041714: 30 µl 
 Expected Conc. = 279.37 
 Lab Value = 82.000 
 reportunit = ng/L  Y = 1
The SGPlot Procedure

BQS Organic Blind Sample Program
Analytes by Multiple Methods
OXAZEPAM
Open Data Set

 spikemix = ERA 0507-12-06.2: 40 µl 
 Expected Conc. = 565 
 Lab Value = 34.500 
 reportunit = ng/L  spikemix = ERA 0823-11-05.2: 15 µl & Abs 060112: 15 µl 
 Expected Conc. = 211.13 
 Lab Value = 204.000 
 reportunit = ng/L  spikemix = ERA 0823-11-05.1: 15 µl & Abs 060112: 15 µl 
 Expected Conc. = 211.13 
 Lab Value = 138.000 
 reportunit = ng/L  spikemix = ERA 0823-11-05.1: 40 µl & Abs 060112: 40 µl 
 Expected Conc. = 563 
 Lab Value = 43.900 
 reportunit = ng/L  spikemix = ERA 0507-12-06.1: 20 µl & ERA 0507-12-06.2: 20 µl 
 Expected Conc. = 282.5 
 Lab Value = 201.000 
 reportunit = ng/L  spikemix = ERA 0507-12-06.1: 20 µl & ERA 0507-12-06.2: 20 µl 
 Expected Conc. = 282.5 
 Lab Value = 22.400 
 reportunit = ng/L  spikemix = ERA 0507-12-06.1: 15 µl & Abs 060112: 15 µl 
 Expected Conc. = 211.13 
 Lab Value = 141.000 
 reportunit = ng/L  spikemix = Abs 060112: 40 µl 
 Expected Conc. = 563 
 Lab Value = 44.500 
 reportunit = ng/L  spikemix = Abs 071112: 20 µl & ERA 0507-12-06.2: 20 µl 
 Expected Conc. = 282.5 
 Lab Value = 162.000 
 reportunit = ng/L  spikemix = Abs 071112: 20 µl & ERA 0507-12-06.2: 20 µl 
 Expected Conc. = 282.5 
 Lab Value = 22.700 
 reportunit = ng/L  spikemix = Abs 071112: 20 µl & Abs 060112: 20 µl 
 Expected Conc. = 281.5 
 Lab Value = 174.000 
 reportunit = ng/L  spikemix = Abs 060112: 20 µl & ERA 0507-12-06.1: 20 µl 
 Expected Conc. = 281.5 
 Lab Value = 17.800 
 reportunit = ng/L  spikemix = Abs 053112: 40 µl & ERA 0507-12-06.2: 40 µl 
 Expected Conc. = 565 
 Lab Value = 91.100 
 reportunit = ng/L  spikemix = Abs 053112: 20 µl & ERA 0507-12-06.2: 20 µl 
 Expected Conc. = 282.5 
 Lab Value = 23.300 
 reportunit = ng/L  spikemix = Abs 053112: 20 µl & Abs 060112: 20 µl 
 Expected Conc. = 281.5 
 Lab Value = 19.300 
 reportunit = ng/L  spikemix = Spex Organics T1120802015: 20 µl & ERA 0507-12-06.2: 20 µl 
 Expected Conc. = 282.5 
 Lab Value = 227.000 
 reportunit = ng/L  spikemix = ERA 04281604: 40 µl & Abs 061516PHARM: 40 µl 
 Expected Conc. = 352 
 Lab Value = 342.000 
 reportunit = ng/L  spikemix = ERA 04281604: 40 µl & Abs 061516PHARM: 40 µl 
 Expected Conc. = 352 
 Lab Value = 369.000 
 reportunit = ng/L  spikemix = ERA 0406-15-07A: 40 µl & Abs 051315: 40 µl 
 Expected Conc. = 420.46 
 Lab Value = 351.000 
 reportunit = ng/L  spikemix = ERA 0319-14-05: 15 µl & Abs 041614: 15 µl 
 Expected Conc. = 558.74 
 Lab Value = 258.000 
 reportunit = ng/L  spikemix = ERA 0319-14-05: 15 µl & Abs 041614: 15 µl 
 Expected Conc. = 558.74 
 Lab Value = 246.000 
 reportunit = ng/L  spikemix = ERA 0319-14-05: 8 µl & Abs 041614: 8 µl 
 Expected Conc. = 297.99 
 Lab Value = 86.900 
 reportunit = ng/L  spikemix = Crescent EN160610015: 100 µl & ERA 04281604: 100 µl 
 Expected Conc. = 880 
 Lab Value = 806.000 
 reportunit = ng/L  spikemix = Crescent EN160610015: 100 µl & ERA 04281604: 100 µl 
 Expected Conc. = 880 
 Lab Value = 790.000 
 reportunit = ng/L  spikemix = Crescent EN160610015: 80 µl & Abs 061416: 80 µl 
 Expected Conc. = 696.8 
 Lab Value = 231.000 
 reportunit = ng/L  spikemix = Abs 061416: 40 µl & ERA 04281603: 40 µl 
 Expected Conc. = 348.4 
 Lab Value = 116.000 
 reportunit = ng/L  spikemix = Abs 061416: 40 µl & ERA 04281603: 40 µl 
 Expected Conc. = 348.4 
 Lab Value = 119.000 
 reportunit = ng/L  spikemix = Abs 061416: 40 µl & Abs 061516PHARM: 40 µl 
 Expected Conc. = 348.4 
 Lab Value = 104.000 
 reportunit = ng/L  spikemix = Abs 061416: 40 µl & Abs 061516PHARM: 40 µl 
 Expected Conc. = 348.4 
 Lab Value = 107.000 
 reportunit = ng/L  spikemix = Abs 061416: 80 µl & Abs 061516PHARM: 80 µl 
 Expected Conc. = 696.8 
 Lab Value = 296.000 
 reportunit = ng/L  spikemix = Abs 061416: 80 µl & Abs 061516PHARM: 80 µl 
 Expected Conc. = 696.8 
 Lab Value = 356.000 
 reportunit = ng/L  spikemix = Abs 060916PHARM: 40 µl & ERA 04281604: 40 µl 
 Expected Conc. = 352 
 Lab Value = 311.000 
 reportunit = ng/L  spikemix = Abs 060916PHARM: 40 µl & ERA 04281604: 40 µl 
 Expected Conc. = 352 
 Lab Value = 336.000 
 reportunit = ng/L  spikemix = Abs 060916PHARM: 40 µl & Abs 061416: 40 µl 
 Expected Conc. = 348.4 
 Lab Value = 112.000 
 reportunit = ng/L  spikemix = Abs 060916PHARM: 40 µl & Abs 061416: 40 µl 
 Expected Conc. = 348.4 
 Lab Value = 115.000 
 reportunit = ng/L  spikemix = Abs 060916PHARM: 80 µl & Abs 061416: 80 µl 
 Expected Conc. = 696.8 
 Lab Value = 315.000 
 reportunit = ng/L  spikemix = Abs 060916PHARM: 80 µl & Abs 061416: 80 µl 
 Expected Conc. = 696.8 
 Lab Value = 283.000 
 reportunit = ng/L  spikemix = Abs 051315: 80 µl & ERA 0406-15-09: 80 µl 
 Expected Conc. = 840.93 
 Lab Value = 751.000 
 reportunit = ng/L  spikemix = Abs 051315: 20 µl & Abs 052215: 20 µl 
 Expected Conc. = 210.23 
 Lab Value = 82.700 
 reportunit = ng/L  spikemix = Abs 051315: 40 µl & Abs 052215: 40 µl 
 Expected Conc. = 420.46 
 Lab Value = 340.000 
 reportunit = ng/L  spikemix = Abs 051315: 20 µl & Abs 050115: 20 µl 
 Expected Conc. = 210.23 
 Lab Value = 119.000 
 reportunit = ng/L  spikemix = Abs 050115: 40 µl & Abs 051315: 40 µl 
 Expected Conc. = 420.46 
 Lab Value = 390.000 
 reportunit = ng/L  spikemix = Abs 050115: 40 µl & Abs 051315: 40 µl 
 Expected Conc. = 420.46 
 Lab Value = 336.000 
 reportunit = ng/L  spikemix = Abs 050115: 20 µl & Abs 051315: 20 µl 
 Expected Conc. = 210.23 
 Lab Value = 147.000 
 reportunit = ng/L  spikemix = Abs 050115: 40 µl & Abs 051315: 40 µl 
 Expected Conc. = 420.46 
 Lab Value = 433.000 
 reportunit = ng/L  spikemix = Abs 041814: 30 µl & Abs 041614: 30 µl 
 Expected Conc. = 279.37 
 Lab Value = 112.000 
 reportunit = ng/L  spikemix = Abs 041814: 60 µl & Abs 041614: 60 µl 
 Expected Conc. = 558.74 
 Lab Value = 422.000 
 reportunit = ng/L  spikemix = Abs 041614: 8 µl & ERA 0319-14-04: 8 µl 
 Expected Conc. = 297.99 
 Lab Value = 221.000 
 reportunit = ng/L  spikemix = Abs 041614: 8 µl & ERA 0319-14-04: 8 µl 
 Expected Conc. = 297.99 
 Lab Value = 134.000 
 reportunit = ng/L  spikemix = Abs 041614: 15 µl & ERA 0319-14-04: 15 µl 
 Expected Conc. = 558.74 
 Lab Value = 200.000 
 reportunit = ng/L  spikemix = Abs 041614: 30 µl & ERA 0319-14-04: 30 µl 
 Expected Conc. = 279.37 
 Lab Value = 108.000 
 reportunit = ng/L  spikemix = Abs 041614: 60 µl & Abs 041714: 60 µl 
 Expected Conc. = 558.74 
 Lab Value = 312.000 
 reportunit = ng/L  spikemix = Abs 041614: 30 µl & Abs 041714: 30 µl 
 Expected Conc. = 279.37 
 Lab Value = 82.000 
 reportunit = ng/L  Y = 1
The SGPlot Procedure